“Contingency Plans for the Apocalypse And Other Possible Situations” Review

Two people are standing on the surface of a planet holding hands while looking upward at a sky filled with greens and blues and purples of a nebula and another planet at the top right of the cover. The title of the book is in the center of the cover with the authors name below that.Written by S.B. Divya
Published by Hachette India January 1, 2019
264 Pages
Completed August 31, 2024

A sickly biologist shuts herself off from the world and its deadly pollutants to research her beloved microbiota in peace – until a chance encounter drives her to venture out into an unlivable Bangalore. In a dystopian Arizona, a couple performs forbidden life-saving abortions amid the threat of tanks and drones, the strict report of automatic weapons and the spying eyes of neighbors. A young woman competes in a grueling challenge, determined to win a place in a world where body modifications equal class and grant people the privilege of transcending gender.

In this collection of 14 layered stories featuring dying cities, undying humans, amorphous bodies, cyborg racers and magic beetles, internationally acclaimed writer and data scientist S.B. Divya treads the line between the present and the future, while exploring the eternal conundrums of identity and love in speculative worlds.

I’ve read (and reviewed) S.B. Diva’s two Alloy Era Novels “Meru” and “Loka” so I knew what to expect from her writing and the short stories were no surprise. I really enjoyed them all and how the author handles everything from disability to gender to various technologies and how it can be used for good or bad. I really enjoyed all of these stories though with any short story there are a couple I wish had been longer.

LOSS OF SIGNAL – This is an interesting story about a dying teenager whose consciousness was uploaded into a spaceship – the first test flight of such ships as an alternate way to explore space. It’s a lot of internal thoughts as the teen is flying the ship towards the moon and thinking about his previous years and the choices he’s making.

CONTINGENCY PLANS FOR THE APOCALYPSE – A dark story about surviving after being attacked for performing lifesaving abortions in Arizona. The surviving spouse (who always expected to be the one killed) has to get their children out of the state. One might wonder if the cost of staying was too great but the help they gave was also vital.

MICROBIOTA AND THE MASSES: A LOVE STORY – This one would not be my usual cup of tea since it’s a love story but it’s got an interesting premise. The main character, who is also a biologist, has been isolated in their home because of the pollution making them sick. So their house is completely contained with clean air and water. The way they end up making various choices was interesting and I liked the way they end up helping everyone while falling in love with a repair man who came to their home.

AN UNEXPECTED BOON – This was an interesting story of a young girl who has ODC or Autistic traits (though it’s never named as such) and her older brother. The brother is a bit of a jerk but it’s actually an understandable issue because he’s been left to take care of her temporarily by his parents and he insisted he could do it without considering what it would mean. I like the way it plays out though with the girl being stronger than he thinks despite everything that happens.

NAVA – I’m pretty sure this is a story set in the author’s Alloy Era series (probably an early version since this book was published before both “Meru” and “Loka”). Or it’s different take on that universe. It has an interesting concept with a living ship having been created and needing to learn how to function as its maker intended.

BINARIES – Interesting glimpses in time of a person’s long life. The method for which they live their long life isn’t explained but it seems like it has to do with being converted to digital signals. But in the end though it has to do with family and finding someone who was lost.

THE EGG – This one is really short on details and the ending is a little vague but it’s a look at choices people make and consequences. The vague unknown ending is actually the point given what happens. The looming unknown after a death changes everything.

DUSTY OLD THINGS – Cool story about someone talking to an alternate version of themselves through a light board. It’s not clear exactly how the technology worked as the version that discovered the technology is the one in the alternate universe. I liked the way it played out and that the differences in their lives was an important part of the story.

THE BOY WHO MADE FLOWERS – In a world where superpowers are real a boy develops the power to make flower. He of course hates it at first but soon learns what his power can mean for others. I really enjoyed how this one ended up.

SHIPS IN THE NIGHT – A very brief look at the life of someone who can see the future and what happens when they meet an immortal. Interesting story and I liked the way it plays out. Probably not what you’d expect but it makes sense when you think about it.

GAPS OF JOY, AND A KNOT FOR LOVE – This one is a little weird as I’m not sure what the ending is saying about the persons powers vs reality. He has the power to collect and share happiness but it’s not all that his family needs.

STRANGE ATTRACTORS – this one is an interesting look at a couple who marries and divorces and then meets again centuries later (no explanation other than technology being available). I actually liked the ending of this one because it felt very realistic for people who keep meeting up again despite everything.

SOFT WE WAKE – A person tries to adjust after waking up in the far future without the person who was supposed to be there with him. Everything is so different and he’s not comfortable with all the changes. I liked the way it played out and the friendship he ends up developing with another person who was revived at the same time. Her situation is different but with similar ideas of not being sure how to live again in such a changed world.

RUNTIME – I believe this one is the longest of the short stories in the book but it has a lot to say. I’m not entirely sure how the postnatal licensing works but naturally it’s yet another way to keep poor people poor since they can never afford to pay the fees and without it they can’t get jobs or better educations. Anyway the main character attempts a race to earn more money to get out of their situation. The way things go down was exciting and naturally it doesn’t go as planed. I did like how it worked out though.

See the StoryGraph page for “Contingency Plans for the Apocalypse And Other Possible Situations” for warnings and more reviews.

“Buffalo Is the New Buffalo” Review

The cover is filled with blue swirled lines with white lights all along the swirls going upwards and expanding out. On either side are cliffs of drawn flowers with lines of beads in various colors - red, white, blue, and green leaves. On each cliff is a black figure with white patters around their arms, legs and face. The one on the left is kneeling holding a bowl and spoon. The one on the right is standing holding something up in their dads. At the bottom of the cover is the vague shape of a buffalo raised up on its hind legs. The title of the book is written out between the two cliffs with the authors name at the bottom.Written by Chelsea Vowel
Published by Arsenal Pulp Press, June 2022
341 pages
Completed August 31, 2024

Powerful stories of “Metis futurism” that envision a world without violence, capitalism, or colonization.

Inspired by classic and contemporary speculative fiction, Buffalo Is the New Buffalo explores science fiction tropes through a Metis lens: a Two-Spirit rougarou (shapeshifter) in the nineteenth century tries to solve a murder in her community and joins the nehiyaw-pwat (Iron Confederacy) in order to successfully stop Canadian colonial expansion into the West. A Metis man is gored by a radioactive bison, gaining super strength, but losing the ability to be remembered by anyone not related to him by blood. Nanites babble to babies in Cree, virtual reality teaches transformation, foxes take human form and wreak havoc on hearts, buffalo roam free, and beings grapple with the thorny problem of healing from colonialism.

“Education is the new buffalo” is a metaphor widely used among Indigenous peoples in Canada to signify the importance of education to their survival and ability to support themselves, as once Plains nations supported themselves as buffalo peoples. The assumption is that many of the pre-Contact ways of living are forever gone, so adaptation is necessary. But Chelsea Vowel asks, “Instead of accepting that the buffalo, and our ancestral ways, will never come back, what if we simply ensure that they do?”

Indigenous futurisms seek to discover the impact of colonization, remove its psychological baggage, and recover ancestral traditions. These eight short stories of “Metis futurism” explore Indigenous existence and resistance through the specific lens of being Metis. Expansive and eye-opening, Buffalo Is the New Buffalo rewrites our shared history in provocative and exciting ways.

I really enjoyed reading all of the stories in the book! The Locating Myself, Preface and Conclusion chapters are important to read as they give a lot of context for the kind of stories that are included. Something that is often ignored is that all of the stories about world ending invasions have already happened to many Indigenous populations. The stories in this book play on that concept in different ways. The introduction gives a short explanation for the stories included. Each story also includes an explanation of the story and several footnotes which are interesting to read as they give additional context for the story and the inspiration for them.

BUFFALO BIRD – I liked the way it played out though it was tricky keeping track of the story as it jumped between different times in the life of the shapeshifter character. Though I did think the different time and situations had a common thread that made it work.

MICHIF MAN – This one was interesting as it was split between a modern day academic presentation of whether or not Michif Man actually existed or was just a metaphor and then actual scenes from the character’s life. Interesting story!

DIRTY WINGS – This one is a dream / stream of consciousness story so it’s a bit tricky to get. It’s interesting though and I really enjoyed the explanation section for this one.

MAGGIE SUE – This one takes some work to get through because it’s a detailed story that the POV character is telling about an event that happened. The character isn’t the main character of the story but actually a side character who encounters the main character as they head off on a quest (basically). There’s a lot going on in the story with a few side stories as the character explains things and it does take work to follow along. Worth it though.

A LODGE WITHIN HER MIND – A pandemic story! Interesting take in the idea of being uploaded into a virtual reality and what it can mean for you afterwards. The ending of it is neat.

ÂNISKÔHÔCIKAN – This one has an interesting idea – using nanites to force all language heard by a person into Cree, from birth, in order to create more native speakers of the language. The story is short and it’s intended to raise more questions than answers as we only see the beginning years of the child’s life without a lot of detail. How will it work as the child grows up? There’s hints of the idea of how we claim that technology will save us but it never works without consequences.

I, BISON – This story takes the idea of digital uploads and expands on what it would mean in the context of spiritual connections to the body. It also explores the idea of disability or mental illness and what actually disabled us. I really liked the ideas presented and the explanation is after the story is interesting.

UNSETTLED – And this is the story that deals with the idea that Indigenous populations are already postapocalyptic. They’ve had their lands stollen and their people enslaved or killed. What would happen if they were given control back? What would it take for them to decide that it was worth whatever cost they had to make? It’s an interesting idea and makes an interesting point. The explanation afterwards is great too.

See the StoryGraph page for “Buffalo Is the New Buffalo” for warnings and more reviews.

Additional Thoughts About Murderbot

Note: This was originally posted along with my review of “Artificial Condition”, before I decided to move it to a separate post.

As much as I’ve enjoyed the first two books in “The Murderbot Diaries” by Martha Wells I have to say I have mixed feelings with the way intelligence is talked about in these books. Murderbot thinks of itself as superior to all other AIs because it hacked its governor unit and is no longer being controlled by the company. It also thinks itself superior to all humans. It has a lot to say about the intelligence of everyone – AI and human alike. Sometimes going as far as making judgements about the usefulness of those who are less intelligent. Since the books are from Murderbot’s POV the bias can be interpreted as bias on the character’s part more than the narrative suggesting it but it was something I noticed.

I also made note of how humans a categorized as human and augmented humans and it’s not clear who is augmented. Can anyone be augmented or are most of them previously disabled humans who need assistive tech like hearing aids or glasses? If most of them are in fact disabled humans then there’s some negative implications about the distinction. Though again it’s Murderbot’s POV and if it categorizes people that way because it feels closer to augmented humans than humans that’s different.

I do feel the way Murderbot feels superior to everyone and free to call everyone unintelligent (the word stupid is used a lot) is a problem. The idea that one is better than someone else just because they’re smarter is not the greatest idea to hold. It’s the root of eugenics and the reason people with intellectual disabilities are treated badly by everyone including people with physical disabilities who often try to distance themselves from the idea they may be unintelligent. “I may be physically disabled buy my brain is fine” ableism is rampant. People with varying degrees of intellectual disabilities have been categorized in the past with their level of usefulness for jobs and I see hints of that in how Murderbot talks about the various AIs it has worked with in the past and encounters on its journey. The idea of dumb vs smart technology may be a thing that is common in Science Fiction and talking about AIs but we should all be aware of where it comes from and what it means when applied to people.

It’s true the humans Murderbot encounters are putting themselves at risk and making choices that would have gotten them killed if not for Murderbot being there to protect them. But is that really a lack of intelligence? Are they really stupid or merely young and inexperienced with how bad things can be? Should they “know better” or have they not yet had the opportunity to learn because they are young? Even for those who should “know better” the choice is still theirs to make. We may think those choices are wrong but if they know the risks and make them anyway are they really “stupid” or just reckless with their lives? While it’s true people use “stupid” as a short cut for a lot of flaws, that is in fact the problem. We make these kinds of judgements all the time and feel superior because we apparently smarter than those who make “poor choices” but I’m sure somewhere along the line we go out and make a choice someone else would question us about.

Previously I wrote an essay called “The Problem of Intellectual Ableism” that I think is relevant to this post. Give it a read. I don’t believe the problems I see in this book are entirely intentional, and I don’t have anything against the author for any of this. The issues I see in the Murderbot Diaries are present everywhere to varying degrees as they are systemic issues. People often use intelligence based insults whenever they judge others – which is the whole problem. These books just seemed to emphasis that a lot because of Murderbots superiority complex. At least in this book Muderbot learns that it can be wrong in its assumptions – it originally assumes ART is a “dumb bot” before it learns better. Still… the assumptions were made, as they often are about intelligence and worth.

“Artificial Condition” Review

Murderbot is depicted on the cover and is in the shape of a human with grayish armor that covers it entirely including a helmet with face shield. It is standing on the edge of something that looks like a metal platform with yellow and brown clouds behind it. Above is spaceship mostly hidden in the clouds but visible. The author's name is at the top of the cover with the title at the bottom. Series Name/Order: The Murderbot Diaries No. 2
Written by: Martha Wells
Published by: Tor.com, May 2018
117 pages
Completed August 29, 2024

It has a dark past–one in which a number of humans were killed. A past that caused it to christen itself “Murderbot”. But it has only vague memories of the massacre that spawned that title, and it wants to know more.

Teaming up with a Research Transport vessel named ART (you don’t want to know what the “A” stands for), Murderbot heads to the mining facility where it went rogue. What it discovers will forever change the way it thinks…

Note: Murdebot refers to itself with it/its pronouns so I will use those when referring to Murderbot. It does not consider itself human and does not want to be considered a person.

I enjoyed this one as much as the previous story. I really liked the sort of friendship Murderbot develops with ART – I don’t think Murderbot would call it a friendship but it approaches that level. Murderbot does a lot to help ART figure things out by sharing the media it has watched and ART ends up helping Murderbot figure out what happened in the past. I also enjoyed how Murderbot ends up helping the group of humans it encounters while traveling back to where the massacre occurred to do its research to find out what happened to it in the past. There’s a lot to be said about Murderbot learning from its past and how it interacts with people and other AIs.

As much as I’ve enjoyed the first two books I have to say I have mixed feelings with the way intelligence is talked about in these books, and I had some addtional thoughts written here that I’m moved to another post called Additional Thoughts About Murderbot if you would like to read it.

See the StoryGraph page for “Artificial Condition” for warnings and more reviews.

“All Systems Red” Review

Murderbot is depicted on the cover and is in the shape of a human with grayish armor that covers it entirely including a helmet with face shield. In the background are rows of trees on either side and above are what looks like the rings of a planet. The author's name is at the bottom along with the title. Series Name/Order: The Murderbot Diaries No. 1
Written by: Martha Wells
Published by: Tor.com, May 2017
150 pages
Completed August 27, 2024

In a corporate-dominated spacefaring future, planetary missions must be approved and supplied by the Company. Exploratory teams are accompanied by Company-supplied security androids, for their own safety.

But in a society where contracts are awarded to the lowest bidder, safety isn’t a primary concern.

On a distant planet, a team of scientists are conducting surface tests, shadowed by their Company-supplied ‘droid — a self-aware SecUnit that has hacked its own governor module, and refers to itself (though never out loud) as “Murderbot”. Scornful of humans, all it really wants is to be left alone long enough to figure out who it is.

But when a neighboring mission goes dark, it’s up to the scientists and their Murderbot to get to the truth.

I really enjoyed this novella. Murderbot is a very interesting character and I liked the way they things developed over the course of the story. I liked what we learned about Murderbot along with the humans it was protecting. There are some world building details that I wish had been explained in more depth, but it’s not a dealbreaker. The ending is a little abrupt, but not a surprising choice by Murderbot given their new found freedom to make that choice. I’m looking forward to reading the rest of the series.

See the StoryGraph page for “All Systems Red” for warnings and more reviews.

“Beacon 23” Review

The background of the cover is the vastness of space with many stars showing in the distance. In the center of the cover is a red circle possibly a view port with the figure of a person looking outwards. The book title is at the top with the authors name at the bottom. Written by Hugh Howey
Published by NLA Digital, December 2015
258 pages
Completed August 25, 2024

For centuries, men and women have manned lighthouses to ensure the safe passage of ships. It is a lonely job, and a thankless one for the most part. Until something goes wrong. Until a ship is in distress.

In the 23rd century, this job has moved into outer space. A network of beacons allows ships to travel across the Milky Way at many times the speed of light. These beacons are built to be robust. They never break down. They never fail.

At least, they aren’t supposed to.

This was an interesting read. It starts out as one type of story but slowly expands into something else. The main character is complicated as he deals with combat related PTSD and the loneliness of being on the beacon without anyone nearby. As a result it’s not always clear if the things that are happening are real or not. The reader is in his head for the story so really just has to go along for the ride and hopefully understand everything that the story is about in the end. The book was originally published as 5 short stories and then collected into one novel. Each story does its own thing but continues the overall plot of the main character being in charge of running the beacon. There is a vague ending and then an epilogue that concludes what happened. I believe I prefer the vague ending because it fit better with the overall concept of figuring out what is really going on.

See the StoryGraph page for “Beacon 23” for more reviews and warnings.

“The Jovian Madrigals” Review

The cover is taken up entirely by the orange and white swirls of Jupiter's surface. There is a figure of a person floating towards the right side of the cover facing sideways with their arms and legs extended towards the left. There are streams of yellow dots flowing around the figure and extending all the way to the left of the page. The title is near the top of the cover with the author's name at the bottom.Written by Janneke de Beer
Published by Owlish Publishing October 15, 2024
438 pages
Completed August 11, 2024

At the edge of forever, we will not recognize ourselves.

It’s 2193, almost a century since scientists on Callisto discovered immortality. Every year, the Party sends a group of Earth’s best and brightest to receive this immortality. No one ever comes back.

Four people are making the journey to Callisto to receive immortality. Padraig, a brilliant physicist, dying of cancer. Cassandra, an orphan from the irradiated ruins of New York. Jocasta, a veteran of the Yugoslav Wars. Gautier, whose presence on Callisto no one will adequately explain. Immortality is meant to change them for the better. But once they’re on Callisto, what happens when they just want to go home?

In general I enjoyed this book – the characters and world building were interesting. I liked the way the stories of the four characters were mostly independent which seemed to work well for the book. A character in the book describes a madrigal as “four voices, each singing their own song, intertwining occasionally” and that’s exactly how the book went. Though, I have to say the blurb for the book only gives a small part of what the book is about. The plot was complex and full of additional details that I was not expecting. I did feel some things were more confusing than they needed to be. While many events had answers in the end others seemingly did not. I also wasn’t entirely sure about the motivations of some of the characters, with Cassandra’s story line being the most confusing.

Thank you to NetGalley, Owlish Publishing and Janneke de Beer for access to the ARC in exchange for an honest review.

“The Seep” Review

The cover has a black background with for arms with their hands reaching across from left to right in various poses. Spaced over and in between the arms are flowers of various colors: red, yellow, black, white and blue. The title is at the top with the author's name at the bottom.Written by Chana Porter
Published by Soho Press, January 2020
216 pages
Completed August 9, 2024

Trina FastHorse Goldberg-Oneka is a fifty-year-old trans woman whose life is irreversibly altered in the wake of a gentle—but nonetheless world-changing—invasion by an alien entity called The Seep. Through The Seep, everything is connected. Capitalism falls, hierarchies and barriers are broken down; if something can be imagined, it is possible.

Trina and her wife, Deeba, live blissfully under The Seep’s utopian influence—until Deeba begins to imagine what it might be like to be reborn as a baby, which will give her the chance at an even better life. Using Seeptech to make this dream a reality, Deeba moves on to a new existence, leaving Trina devastated.

Heartbroken and deep into an alcoholic binge, Trina follows a lost boy she encounters, embarking on an unexpected quest. In her attempt to save him from The Seep, she will confront not only one of its most avid devotees, but the terrifying void that Deeba has left behind. A strange new elegy of love and loss, The Seep explores grief, alienation, and the ache of moving on.

This was an interesting read! It would appear that in the aftermath of the invasion Earth has become a utopia of sorts but there’s a lot of questions about how it all works and how good things actually are for everyone. While there were some hints, the story was focused almost entirely on Trina dealing with her grief over losing Deeba, so we don’t really get any definite answers to those questions beyond how she was impacted. The ending got very weird and I’m still not entirely sure what all happened (beyond what were apparently some Seep fueled hallucinations). Overall I enjoyed it even though I was left with more questions than answers.

See the StoryGraph page for “The Seep” for more reviews and warnings.

“Season One: Iris and the Crew Tear Through Space!” Review

The cover has a group of four individuals standing on a rocky surface under a field of spinning stars that are circling above them. There's a spaceship in the upper right area. The four individuals include a person using a cane for the blind with a small robot at their feet they have their hand on the bot. Next is a person holding a large gun with at least one prosthetic leg visible. Next is a blue alien with a large trunk and he has his hand raised as if he's waving. Last is another individual with his hand on the alien character pointing up towards the ship. Written by Cait Gordon
Published by Renaissance Press, September 2023
302 pages
Completed August 4, 2024

In a galactic network known as the Keangal, where space is accessible.

Lieutenant Eileen Iris and the command crew of the S.S. SpoonZ haven’t a clue what it means to be disabled. An unexpected conversation with an intergalactic janitor brings up the question but offers no answers before he’s ‘ported away.

Unfazed, duties resume as Iris manages an overprotective guidebot; Security Chief Lartha and her sentient prostheses offer kick-ass protection; Mr. Herbert’s inventiveness is a godsend (although he’s not quite grasped how to flirt); Commander Davan’s affable personality comes through whether trumpeted, texted, or signed; and Captain Warq’s gracious but firm leadership keeps everyone at their best.

Until on one mission, where the crew tears through space.

Just a little bit.

I really enjoyed the characters, (which included both disability and LGBQIA+ representation), and the various adventures they all had. I thought showing how well they all worked together worked for the book and it’s a great concept. Here’s the thing – I would have enjoyed this more if the first chapter hadn’t contained the scene mentioned in the description where the intergalactic janitor calls the crew disabled and the crew has no idea what it means.

I understand the intent behind the book with all access needs being taken care of and everything is just fine – similar to the Star Trek: The Next Generation universe where everything is taken care of (with some exceptions once you look beyond the Enterprise). But I also felt like the author wanted to have it both ways. Never mentioning disability, just accessibility needs but there are still moments in the book where needs aren’t always met completely or in a way that works for everyone. Also there was a sub-plot about one character who was not sensitive to diverse body-minds and had to be made to be more aware of his behavior.

Now it could also be said that the reason “disability” is never mentioned is that several, if not all, of the crew members are actually aliens who have different access needs that present as real world disabilities (autistic, d/Deaf, vision issues, non-speaking with mouth words, etc). Which would be the actual reason why disability is never brought up because they’re not disabled in a way that we’d call it. But other terminology related to disability is used the same way we would use it, accessibility, wheelchairs, guide bots (as apposed to guide dogs) and so on. While you may be able to talk about various access needs without using the word disabled it makes it awkward to read about as a disabled person.

Also everything is ideal for the crew but no mention is made of anyone with higher support needs or intellectual disabilities. How are they taken care of in this universe? Are they helped or is all of this access for only the elite? It’s implied at one point that healthcare is paid (for some at least) but there are gaps in the world building that lead to more questions.

I honestly fee torn about this review, because I think without the “but you’re disabled” scene at the beginning I would have been focusing on the characters and the plot which are very good. In many ways the book does what the author appears to want to do with regard to showcasing how things could be. Unfortunately, for me the scene in the beginning brought up all the various questions about how the universe works. How did they get where they are without needing to use the word disabled? I also do wonder if I’m being hyper critical because I’m disabled too and have certain ideas about what we need to be saying about disability seem to be different from the author’s ideas.

“The Exiled Fleet” Review

The cover is black with stars and a spaceship at the center of the cover. The ship is in the process of being destroyed with an orange light cutting cross the middle of it horizontally. Above the light the ship is nothing but a cloud of debris. On the bottom is the rest of the ship still whole. The top half of the cover is take up by the title which is over the cloud of debris. At the bottom, below the ship, are the words "while they stood guard humanity turned its back" and below that is the author's name. Full Title: “The Exiled Fleet: The Divide No. 2”
Written by J. S. Dewes
Published by Tor Books, August 2021
420 pages
Completed July 3, 2024

The Sentinels narrowly escaped the collapsing edge of the Divide. They have mustered a few other surviving Sentinels, but with no engines they have no way to leave the edge of the universe before they starve. Adequin Rake has gathered a team to find the materials they’ll need to get everyone out. To do that they’re going to need new allies and evade a ruthless enemy. Some of them will not survive.

This was such a fun read – I really love all the characters. A lot more did get explained in this book than the previous one but some of the terms being used are confusing and could do with more of an explanation. A cheatsheet of terms would be helpful at the end of the book to explain the differen types of soldiers as they’re referred to a few different ways. There are a few different groups that seem to be controlled by both humans and the aliens? I’m honestly not sure? Regardless it’s a good book and I’m looking forward to reading the final book when it comes out.